The purpose of this study is to scrutinize the relationship between physical and academic self-concept among athlete and non-athlete female students. Physical activity and family socioeconomic status are considered as the variables of study. A number of 1063 athlete and non-athlete students, aged from 13 to 16, were randomly selected from different regions of Tehran. Data was gathered by Short-Form of Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (SFPSDQ) (Marsh et al, 2010), Academic Self-concept Scale (Delavar, 1998), and Social-Economic-Status information form. The results of univariate analysis showed that athlete females’ physical and academic self-concept are significantly higher than non-athlete females. Also, univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis reveals that physical activity significantly predicts female' physical self-concept and academic self-concept. Based on findings of the study, adolescent females' physical self-concept is correlated with physical activity and socioeconomic status of their families. In addition, a positive relationship between physical self-concept and mother's level of education is found. The study also displayed that academic self-concept is related to physical activity and high level of mother's education. According to the results, it can be concluded that physical self-concept and academic self-concept are related to physical activity and mother's level of education; and participation in physical activity improves physical and academic self-concept. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the level of students’ participation in physical activity to enhance physical and academic self-concept.

Objective: The present study aimed to compare mental health of female athlete and non-athlete students in the city of Indica. The research methodology was a descriptive survey, which initially described the mental health and then compared it among the students.Methods: The statistical population of the study included all high school girls in the academic year of 2012-2013 in the city of Indica accounting for 919 subjects. The sampling was done in this study by two methods of census (enumeration) and multi-stage cluster random sampling. Due to the limited number of athletes (85 subjects), all were included in the study sample. Of the non-athletic population, 106 non-athlete subjects were selected using Cochran formula by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The measurement tool in this study was the Goldberg and Hiller GHQ Standard Questionnaire (1979) consisting of two parts. The first part includes demographic information, including questions about demographic and individual characteristics of study samples such as age, type of illness, etc. The second part consisted of 28 questions to measure four subscales (somatic symptoms, anxiety, social functioning and depression). The reliability (reliability coefficient) of the questionnaire was obtained as 0.85 through Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For data analysis, the descriptive statistics was used in order to summarize the data, and the inferential statistics, including Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney tests were used to test the hypotheses.Results: The results showed significant differences between physical symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and depression in two groups of female athlete and non- athlete students.

Introduction: During the recent decades, many scholars focused on the physical activities as an influencing factor on psychological and mental status. Concerning the importance of university students’ mental health, this paper investigates the effects of physical activities on promoting their mental health. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive analytical study, 200 female students of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences were selected as the participants. The case group consists of female athlete students and the control group includes female non-athlete students. The instrument used in this study was GHQ-28, along with some more demographic questions. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS 16, using Frequency, Standard deviation, T-test and Chi-Square.Results: data has shown that the average scores for general health differ significantly between athlete and non-athlete female students P<.05.The highest average scores were for depression among female athlete students and social dysfunction among female non-athlete students. The lowest average score was for anxiety among both groups. The average score of general health among female non-athlete students was higher than the cut-off point of 23.It was found that the higher the father’s education was, the lower the general health’s scores were. Conclusion: The results showed that athlete students' mental health is better than that of non-athlete ones.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate prevalent sport injuries and related factors in athlete female students who participated in sport festival of Iranian female schools in Kashan City in 2005. This research is a cross-sectional and analytic study. Sampling method is simple random and data collection is by questionnaires. The results show prevalent injuries in different type of sports; 35% in volleyball, 33% in basketball, 17.5% in handball and badminton, 10% in swimming, 5% in mini-volleyball and 2.5% in mini-basketball. The severity of injuries was mild in 80%, mild in 11.6 and severe in 8.5%. Type of injuries in 43.3% is musculotendinous, joint and skeletal and in 13.3% spine. The reason of injuries in 46.6% of injured persons is incorrect exercise movement, in 30% ball beating, in 13.3% being hit by another athlete and in 5% is falling. The prevalent of injuries in different kinds of sports in the festival is as follows: 10% in volleyball athletes, 8.7% in basketball, 1% in handball, 2% in badminton and 1% in swimming. The comparison of the data with the same research in other countries shows that the sport injuries due to incorrect exercise movement in our country is much more than other countries. Therefore it is necessary to train school instructors and athlete students.

The present investigation aims at determining the depression variables among the ‎athlete vs. non-athlete male and female high school students. It is a descriptive design ‎and has been carried out as a filed study. The participants comprised 800 students, ‎‎400 of which were male and female athlete students and the rest (i.e. 400) were non-‎athlete male and female students. To determine the depression variables, the ‎investigator applied DAS questionnaire for data collection. Results manifested that ‎except for love, there is significant differences between the athlete and non-athlete ‎students in terms of depression variables such as approval, success, perfectionism, ‎justification, definite power, and freedom to vote‏.‏

The place of positive emotions such as "happiness" and its relationship with different aspects of personality and effective factors involved this subject such as : participation in athletic activities is not obvious, so the purpose of this research, was to find a relationship between different aspects of personality with happiness in a population of athlete and non-athlete female students in Tabriz University. For this purpose, the following questions were taken into consideration: 1- Which aspects of personality dose every athletic and non athletic female student have and are there any differences in these aspects, or not? 2- In which of these two groups is the rate of happiness greater, and is rate is int1uenced by personality aspects? For achiving these goals. after determining the acceptable validity and reliability of the Oxford happiness questionaire, different personality aspects of 51 athletes (with mean age of 21.14±1.76) and 62 non-athletes (with mean age of 21.53±2.35) from among the inventory of ninety (90) item Eysenck personality (test) was elicited and its relation with the happiness variable was investigated. The Collected data were analysed using Karl Pearson"s correlation coefficient test, and t test in SPSS 7.5 software. The results showed that the experimental athletic group, in comparison with non - athletic group, had more extroverted personality and the significant difference between thes two groups was α< 0.05. Also, athletic experimental group had a higher- happiness rate than that of non-athlete group. This significant was α<0.01 and this is while, therc is a highcr correlation coefficience between extroversion and happiness in mm-athlctcs (α <0.01). On the other hand, neuroticism aspects of athletic group was lowcr than those of non-athletic group. This difference was anout α<0.05. There was a high negative correlation coefficience between neuroticism and happiness (α<0.01). Disregarding the negligible diffcrence, there was no any significant difference between psychoticism of expcrimcntal groups. As a result, regular participation in favorable athletic activities as a pleasant and optimal social activity, can provide the means for happincss and growth of personality. Meanwhile, athletic activities are not determiners of pcoplc"s personality and proving the opposite (that athletic activites arc dctcrmincrs of people"s personality) reguires further investigation.